Acetic acid, also called acetic acid, is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH3COOH. It is an organic monobasic acid and is the main component of vinegar. Pure anhydrous acetic acid (glacial acetic acid) is a colorless hygroscopic liquid with a freezing point of 16.6°C (62°F). After solidification, it becomes a colorless crystal. Its aqueous solution is weakly acidic and highly corrosive, and it is highly corrosive to metals. Vapor is irritating to the eyes and nose.
Acetic acid is widely distributed in nature. For example, in fruits or vegetable oils, acetic acid mainly exists in the form of esters. And acetic acid exists in the form of free acid in animal tissues, excreta, and blood. Many microorganisms can ferment different organic compounds into acetic acid
Industrial applications
1. Acetic acid is a bulk chemical product and one of the most important organic acids. Mainly used in the production of acetic anhydride, acetate, and cellulose acetate. Polyvinyl acetate can be made into films and adhesives and is also the raw material for the synthetic fiber vinylon. Cellulose acetate is used to make rayon and motion picture film.
2. Acetate formed from lower alcohols is an excellent solvent and is widely used in the paint industry. Acetic acid is also a commonly used organic solvent because it dissolves most organics (eg for the oxidation of p-xylene to produce terephthalic acid).
3. Acetic acid can be used in some pickling and polishing solutions, as a buffer in weakly acidic solutions (such as zinc plating, and chemical nickel plating), as an additive in semi-bright nickel plating electrolytes, in the passivation of zinc and cadmium The binding force of the passivation film can be improved in the solution, and it is often used to adjust the pH of the weakly acidic plating solution.
4. Used in the production of acetates, such as manganese, sodium, lead, aluminum, zinc, cobalt, and other metal salts, widely used as a catalyst and auxiliary agent in fabric dyeing and leather tanning industry; lead acetate is lead white in paint color; Lead tetraacetate is an organic synthesis reagent (for example, lead tetraacetate can be used as a strong oxidant, provide a source of acetoxy groups, and prepare organic lead compounds, etc.).
5. Acetic acid can also be used as an analytical reagent, organic synthesis, synthesis of pigment, and medicine.
food use
In the food industry, acetic acid is used as an acidulant, flavor enhancer, and spice. When making synthetic vinegar, dilute the acetic acid to 4-5% with water, and add various flavoring agents, the flavor is similar to that of alcoholic vinegar, the production time is short and the price is Cheap. As a sour agent, it can be used in compound seasonings, prepared vinegar, canned food, jelly, and cheese, and used in moderation according to production needs. It can also be used as a flavor enhancer for koji wine, and the dosage is 0.1-0.3 g/kg.
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Acetic acid, also called acetic acid, is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH3COOH. It is an organic monobasic acid and is the main component of vinegar. Pure anhydrous acetic acid (glacial acetic acid) is a colorless hygroscopic liquid with a freezing point of 16.6°C (62°F). After solidification, it becomes a colorless crystal. Its aqueous solution is weakly acidic and highly corrosive, and it is highly corrosive to metals. Vapor is irritating to the eyes and nose.
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