Polyacrylamide is an important water-soluble polymer and has valuable properties such as flocculation, thickening, shear resistance, drag reduction, and dispersibility. These properties have different emphases with different derivative ions. Therefore, it is widely used in oil extraction, mineral processing, coal washing, metallurgy, chemical industry, papermaking, textile, sugar refining, medicine, environmental protection, building materials, agricultural production, and other departments.
Water treatment field
Water treatment includes raw water treatment, sewage treatment, and industrial water treatment. Used in conjunction with activated carbon in raw water treatment, it can be used for coagulation and clarification of suspended particles in domestic water. The use of organic flocculant acrylamide instead of inorganic flocculant can increase the water purification capacity by more than 20% even without modifying the settling tank; in sewage treatment, the use of polyacrylamide can increase the utilization rate of water recycling and can also be used as Sludge dewatering; used as an important formulation agent in industrial water treatment. The largest field of application of polyacrylamide abroad is water treatment, and the application in this field in China is being promoted. The main role of polyacrylamide in water treatment:
(1) Reduce the amount of flocculant. Under the premise of achieving the same water quality, polyacrylamide is used as a coagulant aid in combination with other flocculants, which can greatly reduce the amount of flocculant used; (2) Improve water quality. In drinking water treatment and industrial wastewater treatment, the use of polyacrylamide in combination with inorganic flocculants can significantly improve water quality; (3) Increase floc strength and sedimentation velocity. The flocs formed by polyacrylamide have high strength and good settling performance, thereby increasing the solid-liquid separation speed and facilitating sludge dehydration; (4) Anti-corrosion and anti-scaling of the circulating cooling system. The use of polyacrylamide can greatly reduce the amount of inorganic flocculants, thereby avoiding the deposition of inorganic substances on the surface of equipment, and slowing down the corrosion and scaling of equipment.
Applications in Oil Recovery
Polyacrylamide is a kind of multifunctional oilfield chemical treatment agent, which is widely used in drilling, cementing, completion, workover, fracturing, acidizing, water injection, water plugging and profile control, and tertiary oil recovery operations in oil production. It is in the fields of drilling, water plugging and profile control, and tertiary oil recovery. Polyacrylamide aqueous solution has high viscosity, good thickening, flocculation, and rheological adjustment, and is used as an oil displacement agent and drilling mud conditioner in oil production. In the middle and late stages of oil exploitation, in order to enhance oil recovery, my country currently mainly promotes polymer flooding and ASP flooding technologies. By injecting polyacrylamide aqueous solution, the oil-water flow rate ratio is improved to increase the crude oil content in the produced product. Adding polyacrylamide in tertiary oil recovery can increase oil displacement capacity, avoid the breakdown of oil layers, and increase oil bed recovery yield. China's petroleum industry is the largest user of polyacrylamide. The scientific and technological progress of polyacrylamide has promoted the development of China's petroleum industry, and the demand for the petroleum industry has accelerated the pace of scientific and technological innovation of polyacrylamide and the development of the industry.
Paper field
Polyacrylamide is widely used as a retention aid, filter aid, leveling agent, etc. in the papermaking field to improve paper quality, slurry dehydration performance, retention rate of fine fibers and fillers, reduce raw material consumption and environmental pollution, Used as a dispersant to improve the uniformity of paper. Polyacrylamide is mainly used in two aspects of the paper industry. One is to increase the retention rate of fillers and pigments to reduce the loss of raw materials and environmental pollution; the other is to increase the strength of paper. Adding polyacrylamide to the paper material can increase the retention rate of fine fibers and filler particles on the net and accelerate the dehydration of the paper material. The mechanism of action of polyacrylamide is that the particles in the slurry are flocculated and retained on the filter cloth by neutralization or bridging. The formation of flocs can also make the water in the slurry easier to filter out, reduce the loss of fibers in white water, reduce environmental pollution, and help improve the efficiency of filtration and sedimentation equipment.
medical material
Polyacrylamide gel can be used as a non-prothrombin granulation agent, surgery, contact lens raw material, outer coating material of microcapsules, and used to manufacture high-quality hemostatic tampons, women's sanitary napkins and children's diapers, etc. Polyacrylamide with a particle size of hundreds of microns to tens of microns can be used as a chromatographic packing material (such as a gel chromatography column packing material), which can effectively separate spherical proteins such as cytochromes. And it can further desalt and concentrate the protein. The polyacrylamide resin undergoes a Mannich reaction, introduces L-proline or L-hydroxyproline through the methylene bridge on the amide side chain, and coordinates with the copper ion to obtain a chiral ligand resin. A series of DL-amino acids for efficient resolution. The chiral amino acid obtained by Hofmann degradation of polyvinyl amine resin is then complexed with copper ions. As the stationary phase of ligand exchange chromatography, a series of amino acids can be resolved, especially for aromatic amino acids. Strong hydrophilicity, which greatly shortens the splitting time.
other industry
In the food industry, it is used for cane juice clarification and syrup phosphorus floatation extraction in the production of cane sugar and beet sugar. Enzyme preparation fermentation liquid flocculation clarification industry, also used for the recovery of feed protein, stable quality, good performance, the recovered protein powder has no adverse effect on the survival rate, weight gain and egg production of chickens, synthetic resin coating, civil engineering grouting material plugging Water, building materials industry, improvement of cement quality, construction industry adhesives, joint repair and water blocking agent, soil improvement, electroplating industry, printing and dyeing industry, etc.
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Polyacrylamide is an important water-soluble polymer and has valuable properties such as flocculation, thickening, shear resistance, drag reduction, and dispersibility. These properties have different emphases with different derivative ions. Therefore, it is widely used in oil extraction, mineral processing, coal washing, metallurgy, chemical industry, papermaking, textile, sugar refining, medicine, environmental protection, building materials, agricultural production, and other departments.
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